君主论中文版在线阅读pdf(2012年同等学力申硕英语阅读突破训练三)

君主论中文版是利用数字化技术对1681年德国马克思保洛施·凯瑞尔《论君主自由法》 的原作

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junzu lun was written by yang xiong (53 bce—18ce), a scholar of han dynasty. it is a treatise on the tang-spring school's theory of the ruler's obligation to protect and nurture his subjects．by discussing this one aspect of the state formation in detail, yang xiong aimed to explore and summarize the philosophical motif of imperial governance.
the book contains eight primary objectives of a wise ruler. these major obligations represent xiong’s idealized way of finding the balance between absolute power and authoritarian governance. he believed that those who are destined to become great leaders must know that a combination of vigilant rule and benevolence can make them great.
the first responsibility that was put forth by xiong was a well thought-out planning strategy. xiong argued that a well thought-out plan will invite the masses to put in more effort and also gain allegiance in return. a wise ruler must also pay attention to the potential crisis and thus prepare accordingly so as to solve these possible problems.
secularism was the second primary objective according to xiong. he argued that strictly enforcing secular laws rather than relying strictly on confucian scripturalism to implement decisions leads to effective governance. he defended that fairness should guide policy-making and decisions, rather than utility with cruelty.
the third requirement of a good ruler, according to xiong, is impartiality. he argued that a ruler must always act impartially and not favour any specific group. he encouraged his readers to act with justice and take stern measures on corruption and inequity.
frugality was the fourth point of emphasis by xiong and he believed that it is a fundamental requirement of leadership. a good ruler must exercise frugality and frequently debrief their subordinates, making sure that there is no corruption happening within the junior ranks. he argued did wastage lead to depleting wealth, but rulers should not be undisciplined in this regard and must live life simply.
finally, xiong's fifth advice was attention to the administration and military. he argued that the army should be both active, able and ready to protect their respective nations and also passive in regards to knowing when they should not interfere as well as take into account regionalculture and international tradition. emphasis was placed on good administration of armies, economic regulations and good study on strategies and tactics. all in all, he argued that this will benefit both the ruler and the people.